Operation process of horizontal carbonization furnace

The operation process of the horizontal carbonization furnace mainly includes four stages: raw material preparation, heating and dehumidification, carbonization and calcination, and cooling out of the furnace. The specific steps are as follows:

Raw material preparation

Arrange raw materials such as logs or straw in layers according to size, and avoid placing small pieces of raw materials at the bottom of the furnace to prevent uneven heating and crushing. The raw materials need to be dried to reduce carbonization time.  ‌

Heating and dehumidification

After starting the carbonization furnace, the moisture in the raw materials is discharged by electric heating or heating with firewood to about 150 ℃. At this stage, continuous fuel addition and temperature monitoring are required, and the furnace bottom valve needs to be opened regularly to discharge wood tar.  ‌

Carbonization and calcination

After the temperature rises above 300 ℃, the raw materials enter the dry distillation and carbonization stage, producing combustible gases such as methane and acetic acid. At this point, fuel addition needs to be reduced, but the temperature inside the furnace needs to be kept stable until the gas is completely burned out.  ‌

Cool out of the furnace

After carbonization is completed, it needs to be naturally cooled to below 50 ℃ before opening the furnace door to avoid high temperatures causing open flames. Carbonized products need to be sealed and cooled to maintain quality.